Examining McDonalds as an Employer and Organizer - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 10 Words: 2952 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Management Essay Type Research paper Did you like this example? Human Resource Management (HRM) function comprises a multiplicity of activities, and key surrounded by them is deciding what staffing needs you have and whether to use self-governing contractors or hire employees to meet these needs, employment and training to most excellent employees, ensuring they are high entertainer, dealing with performance issues, and that their staff and management practices do the accepted thing to various regulations. The behavior also includes the management of its loom to employee reimbursement and reward, employee records and employees policies. In general, small businesses (for profit or nonprofit) have to carry out these actions themselves for the reason that they cannot yet afford part-or full-time help. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Examining McDonalds as an Employer and Organizer" essay for you Create order Nevertheless, they should forever and days guarantee that employees have and are aware of personnel guiding principle which is conventional to current set of laws. These policies are often in the form of worker manuals, which all employees. One of the most important things is that some people distinguish the difference between human resource management (a chief management motion) and HRD (Human Resource Development, a line of work). Those people might comprise HRM in HRD, explaining that human resources includes the widest range of personal development activities within organizations, for example, specialized expansion, training, organization development, etc. There is a long-standing disagreement about where HR and related occupation should be prearranged into large organizations. Responsibility for human resource management and professional growth of resources has been a wonderful change in the last 21-30 years. Numerous years ago, huge organizations looked to the Personnel subd ivision, in particular to manage the certification of people contracting and payment. More recently, organizations consider the Human Resources, as harmonic a major role in recruitment, training and support to people management for people and the organization is working at full capacity in a very acceptable. FACTS AND FIGURE: McDonalds restaurants are establishing in 118 countries and territories approximately the world and serve nearly 48 million customers every day. McDonalds function over 32,000 restaurants international, employing more than 1.5 million people. Most standalone McDonalds restaurants offer both counter service and drive-through service, with indoor and now and then outside seating. More than 76% of McDonalds restaurants all-inclusive are owned and operated by autonomous local Men and Women. HRM KEY FUNCTION Getting the most excellent Employees human resource planning identifying job roles hiring Outsourcing short listing Applicants Selecting (Hiring) Employees Paying Employees (and Providing Benefits) Benefits and Compensation guidance Employees Career Development approach Employee Orientation method Leadership Development approach Management Development approach Personal improvement excellence Training and Development ORGANIZATIONAL GOALS ACHIEVEMENT THROUGH EFFECTIVE HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT In recent times, the phrase aptitude management is used to pass on to efforts to draw, develop and retain human resources. Some populace and organizations use the expression to refer particularly talented and or high-potential workers. The phrase often used interchangeably with the field of human resource management still though the field of aptitude management matures, it is very likely that an increasing number of people who strongly disagree on the exchange of these fields. For now, the documentation uses the phrases interchangeably. MCDONALD`S IMAGE AS AN EMPLOYER: As an employer the local reputation and its overall image is transformed by many reasons, which includes reimbursement programs, payment package, pleasurable working place attached with copious passion activities, employee expansion programs, World well-known most excellent people practices. Human resources, the key component that plays a vital role in training every day of the performance of services in general, through their behavior in the presentation. Become aware of the power company people provides the knowledge. EMPLOYEES ABILITY vs. EFFECTIVE HRM: McDonalds requires people who want to excel in providing exceptional service. To ensure that the company hires the right people, you have identified the essential skills and behaviors that applicants must be able to demonstrate. For each position there is a typical description of work, detailing the rights and responsibilities, and specification of the definition of personal skills and competencies HRM MODEL NO-1 Personnel planning and recruitment Job Developed Final interview Pool of candidate External recruitment Internal recruitment Make an Offer Candidate application from Initial Interview Selection Tool RECRUITMENT IN MCDONALDS: The reputation of any business ultimately depends on the quality of their products. High quality products require high quality people to create design produce deliver them So if a business is to maintain its reputation to do well in recruiting high quality employees. For any company that offers a large element of personal service, ability to recruit, train and retain high quality staff is particularly vital. MODEL 2 Employees have the opportunity to advance the skill level of contribution and career through a quality education, training and feedback in this organization. RECURITING RETENTION PERFORMANCE WORK ENVIRONMENT ACCORDING TO THE HR MANAGER OF MCDONALD:- In UK, McDonalds, the Human resource is the most important asset. They offer the best experience for the employees working for McDonalds UK to achieve our goal to provide the companys valued customers with the best experience in a restaurant in the world, quick service. They struggle to employ the best, hire the best, and provide the best place to work. EMPLOYEES DIVISION IN MCDONALD`S EMPLOYEES G A OPERATIONAL According to the recruitment policy of all McDonalds employees are classified on the basis of operating and general and administration staff. This major division of employees is 95% of manual workers and only 5% and General Administration (G A). 3 HR PLANNING AND DEVELOPMENT METHODS PLANNING AND FORECASTING The recruitment and selection process begins with the use or personnel planning. This is the process of deciding which companys positions will be filled, and how to complete. If we talk about the management of McDonalds and McDonalds is based on forecasts of basic employment plans. And there is couple of things that were taken into account at the same time as the provision of personal needs, the supply of inside candidates, and the supply of external candidates. However the need of the staff is their top priority. FORECASTING PERSONNEL NEEDS: This is the forecast of the staffing needs of McDonalds, the manager must consider several factors when considering staff forecasting needs. First of all income forecast manager, and then to estimate the size of staff necessary to achieve the sales volume. Other factors such as the resignation or dismissal, a decision to raise or lower grade, technological changes and the department of financial resources also taken into account in forecasting. In any case McDonalds use several simple tools to project staffing needs in the following way. TREND ANALYSIS: Trend analysis by studying firms in a previous job requirements during a period of years to predict future needs. If we talk about McDonalds will also do trend analysis, this technique will take the data from previous employment needs and then the new employment plan for hiring based on past experience. FORECAST PERSONNEL REQUIREMENTS THROUGH COMPUTERS: In this type of software used in forecasting McDonalds determining future staffing needs of the sales projection, the volume of production and employees needed to maintain this volume of production. FORECASTING THE SUPPLY OF INSIDE CANDIDATES: McDonalds will hire the employees within the organization. The main task of McDonalds is the determination that current employees may be qualified for the opening of the project. As if McDonald opens a new branch then check the current branch manager that he is able to control the function or the new branch, if the current is to use the fulfillment of the requirements, the rental management of this manager if it fails, and then the management of going to outsourcing. There are other methods for forecasting the supply of inside candidates. CRITICAL ANALYSIS PERSONNEL REPLACEMENT CHARTS: In this sense, the organization use this graphic in which the most important positions of candidates on the inside is shown by his current performance and then promote however the performance is critically evaluated and then further training and development programs are carried out by the organization for their employees. POSITIONS REPLACEMENT CARDS: In this sense, the organization will prepare a replacement card position for each position to show possible replacement candidates and not qualifying. FORECASTING THE SUPPLY OF OUTSIDE THE ORGANIZATION To acquire the potential candidates in the specific occupation, such as crew members, branch manager, employees of McDonalds expects supply from outside the organization. Above all this is done via the Internet. Review of HRs Indication and Monitoring Internal recruitment means to hire a current employee for the job. Also known as current or promotion from within Sharpness: Policy that gives preference to existing employees to make an offer of employment. internal contracts have several advantages as Increased confidence for human resources The organization is perceived as a reward for good performance or loyalty. Often, a promotion leads to another vacancy and the chain effect further contributes to higher morale. Employees work habits are known Employees work behavior is known and previous performance evaluations on record. Familiar with the firm Employees are familiar with the companys products, customers, organizational policies and corporate culture. Eliminating orientation sessions As an employee one must know about the company, product policies etc. for orientation is not necessary and to have some advantages there are some disadvantages of internal recruitment any, are as follows If companyÂÂ  policies mandate internal recruitment then the human resources promoted from surrounded by may not have all the capability required for the job. In such cases, employees will be trained for service. This can be costly. It turn out to be even more expensive if the chain of effects of succeeding internal promotions requires a series of training sessions to put into practice. Another unintended negative consequence of internal recruitment could be the policy of the organization. This can occur when more than one employee aims to job vacancy. Those who do not get the endorsement will be dissatisfied and may not be willing to grant the new job holders authority to do the job ÂÂ  McDonalds mostly go for internal recruitment because there is a specific way of working at MacDonalds. Which they train there employee during their training process. Another reason McDonalds go for internal recruitment is this that .McDonalds offers great opportunities to the individuals who decide to join their team. They provide Excellent career paths widespread training individual development possibilities striking reward structures All wrapped up in an international, multicultural, dynamic and fun. This is reflected in the fantastic team spirit that runs across the enterprise. McDonalds does not value staff and believe in giving people the opportunity to develop their full potential. That is why McDonalds is the ideal place to work. SOURCES OF RECRUITING INTERNAL CANDIDATES McDonalds use two sources for recruiting internal candidates Job posting Succession planning JOB REDISTRIBUTION: One of the most common forms to fill open positions within a company is the use of internal labor ads. McDonalds bid to go to work for many of the open position. When any vacancy in McDonalds, the management department of human resources positions McDonalds job offer in the notice board with a full specification of work, wages, hours of operation and a necessary skill for this position . The manager of a McDonalds to meet the needs of the people. Two types of people are recruited at McDonalds are staff members management members The human resource department in fortress stadium coordinate the recruitment of employees as well as for recruiting permanent and temporary employees the human resource department of McDonalds use several ways. Positions are generally advertised in the restaurant EXTERNAL RECRUITMENT INTRODUCTION: Companies cannot get all the employees that need your current staff, and sometimes they just do not want. As a result, companies prefer to go for outsourcing. If no vacancies have been filled through an internal process or where it is known a right right candidate is not available internally, recruiters in consultation with the Human Resources Division (HRD) will decide whether outsourcing is the best option to fill a vacancy. Outsourcing has often been seen as a necessary evil, as operations outside the need for talent outside the incentives of workers inside. The campaign outsourcing and a corresponding increase in the popularity of the organization in the labor market, helping to improve the position for further expansion. Moreover, outsourcing is expensive and takes a lot of energy to the role of human resource management to handle all the candidates in the selection process. ADVANTAGES: The following are some advantages of recruiting externally: A larger variety of people will apply for the job. The person could bring new skills and ideas into the business. DISADVANTAGES: The following are some disadvantages of recruiting externally: Hundreds of applications may be received. In this case, short listing will be time consuming. Money will have to pay in order to advertise the job. Recruiting externally is a risk. This is because in most cases, a business will not particularly know the candidates.In case of McDonalds it is not actual abundant complex in alien application for the operational akin advisers about for accepted and authoritative advisers McDonalds adopt alien recruitment. Alien application plays a actual important role. This is because alive at McDonalds is not belted to restaurants alone. They accept a actual able abutment system. Already they accept provided application opportunities to accountants, computer operators, absolute acreage representatives, architects and abounding others in the areas of marketing, animal assets etc. The External Recruitment allows the organization to ascertain the appropriate requirements The alignment can baddest the candidate, which apparel the alignment best. brings new bodies to the organization, which can be a huge account for the organization External application in McDonalds is a continued and difficult process. It managers in demography the antecedent job and claimed specification, discussing the best amount options for announcement the role, through to ambidextrous with the acknowledgment and presenting acceptable candidates to your business. The advisers of McDonalds appear from all walks of life. However while recruiting McDonalds amount bodies with a absolute attitude appear customers, themselves and added advisers and who accept aerial standards of claimed performance. HR administration can use assorted approaches to locate and allure alien candidates, generally attractive to added again one source. Government appliance agencies, clandestine appliance agencies, recruiting consultants, arch hunters, educational institutions and able alignment are accepted sources, as are advertisements, agent referrals and unsolicited application. Recruiting candidates from all the added sources (like outsourcing agencies etc.) are accepted as the alien sources of recruitment. McDonalds use some of these approaches to allure the alien candidates. Through altered alien sources they are attending for candidates who reflect a able focus on chump and applicant service. ADVERTISEMENT: Although online recruiting is alteration the way the HR managers access of recruiting. Advertisement through bounded and civic newspapers, magazines, billboards is still acclimated by abounding organizations. The best of announcement media depends on the job for which application is actuality done. To be effective, advertisers use a adviser AIDA to assemble ads. An application advertisement charge accept attention avaricious headlines Must be able to actualize the absorption of the reader. Create the admiration by highlighting absorption factors The ad should be able to alert action Advertisement charge specifies the claimed qualities, academic abilities and knowledge, abilities and abilities all-important for success. Moreover the advertisement charge enhances the angel of the alignment as an acceptable a Under McDonalds recruitment policy, each individual restaurant is responsible for filling job vacancy. The human resource department in fortress stadium coor dinate the recruitment of employees. For recruiting permanent and temporary employees the human resource department of McDonalds use several ways. Positions are generally advertised in the restaurant Sequence in PLANNING: McDonalds in the succession of senior executives of Planning periodically review their top executives. This is important because it often takes years of preparation for the effective conduct of senior officers. McDonalds do so because there is a critical shortage of business leaders from middle and top for the next five years. So organizations have to create groups of candidates with high leadership potential. McDonalds careful and considered plan of action ensures the least disruption to the responsibilities of the person and therefore the effectiveness of the organization. Ways of improvement in Human Resource Management to achieve Organizational Goals Occupation preparation, guidance and development education and expansion specialists plan, organize and direct a wide range of training activities.VIP Task Manager is a powerful tool for specialist training and development, as it enables them to meet long-term planning and short term career, scheduling training and development provisions. Personnel assessment VIP Task Manager is easy to use, easy to use software to plan, report and track tasks and time into working groups. VIP Task Manager provides human resource managers with the ability to analyze the productivity of each employee, HR projects management human resources project is a set of fixes and improvements can be planned and consistently implemented within the company to increase productivity and motivation of staff or to improve the internal processes of the human resources department. VIP Task Manager is a tool for project management in real time and can be successfully used for project planning, human resources, progress monitoring and analysis. DEVISED STRATEGY: Compensation and account bales will abutment the Laboratorys efforts to recruit and absorb a awful assuming and assorted assignment force. The HR and Organizational Management Division will accommodate a aerial akin of account to its barter by authoritative use of accessible knowledge, skills, and technology and through contiguous alternation with those customers. All associates of the HR and Organizational Management Division are assembly for our advisers and ample an advancement role, back appropriate. In bushing this advancement role, HR and Organizational Management Division agents will be alert of the charge to antithesis agent rights adjoin the accepted business needs of the organization.

Effective Communication - 1085 Words

Effective communication Communication is primarily an exchange of information, ideas, or thoughts. This paper will focus on the process of verbal and nonverbal communication as well as the components of each. It outline the formal and informal channels of criminal channels. This paper will also list the different barriers to effective communication within a criminal justice organization. Finally it will cover strategies that can be implemented to overcome communication barriers within criminal justice organizations. Verbal and nonverbal communication Wallace and Roberson (2009) stated that communication is a process involving several steps, among two or more persons, for the primary purpose of exchanging information (p.15 ).†¦show more content†¦Both formal and informal means of communication help facilitate the transfer of important information within a law enforcement organization. Barriers to effective communication There are four basic barriers that hinder effective communication, emotional barriers, physical barriers, semantic barriers, and ineffective listening. All of these barriers separately or combined can contribute to a lack of effective communication. To communicate successfully one must express thoughts and emotions clearly. Sometimes the emotional barriers can hinder one s ability to effectively communicate. Physical barriers are the facets of the surroundings that obstruct the flow of information. This could be radios which are not working correctly and prevent the officer from transmitting his communications. Anything that prevents or slows down the progress of the giving or receiving of information is considered a physical barrier. Semantics is another form of communication barrier, which results in the inability to communicate clearly. Semantic problems occur when there is a failure to agree on the connotation of certain expressions (Wallace Roberson, 2009). The meaning of certain terms may not be interpreted the same by different people. Ineffective listening is the final barrier to effective communications. This can be described as not receiving what the other person is relaying. The person on the receiving end of aShow MoreRelatedCommunication : Effective And Effective Communication818 Words   |  4 PagesEffective communication is an extremely important piece in a business organization. Not only does effective communication increase work flow it also enhances and keeps good morale in the workplace. In effective communication has the reverse effect and can be an anchor on production and workplace morale. According to Rogers,† Communication failures may occur when information is not clear or to complex, which causes problems with information recall. When too much information is given at once, incompleteRead MoreEffective Communication1513 Words   |  7 PagesEffective Communication Bryan Walker CJA/304 Version 4 May 5, 2014 There are many aspects to the communication process. It is necessary to take into consideration the definition of communication. Communication has been defined as a process involving several steps, among two or more persons, for the primary purpose of exchanging information (Wallace, 2009). Communication requires transmitting an idea, sending the idea through a medium, receiving the message, understanding the idea, andRead MoreEffective Communication2513 Words   |  11 PagesINTRODUCTION†¦ Communication has existed since the beginning of human beings, but it was not until the 20th century that people began to study the process. As communication technologies developed, so did the theories. Before becoming simply communication, or communication studies, the discipline was formed from three other major studies: psychology, sociology, and anthropology. Psychology is the study of human behaviour, Sociology is the study of society and social process, and anthropologyRead MoreEffective Communication3193 Words   |  13 PagesCommunication Communication and Effective Communication Khaled Nashaat Mamdouh HROB 501- M9- ID: 7-3691 Dr. Ahmed Amin January, 21st, 2007 A. INTRODUCTION Determining or figuring out the level of importance of communication in any organization or even between people in their daily lives is fairly impractical. No one can ever resolve the significance of communication because it is such a gigantic topic with many different definitions and understandings. 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Consequently, there is often a lack of clarity in the communication complete miscommunication to the staff via the charge nurses. Clearly one of the most efficient ways to communicate important informationRead MoreEffective Communication780 Words   |  3 PagesEffective communication is the process of transferring information or thoughts to someone or a group of people by way of speaking, writing or body language. According to â€Å"Livestron.com† (2014), â€Å"Effective communication extends the concept to require that transmitted content is received and understood by someone in the way it was intended. The goals of effective communication include creating a common perception, changing behavior s and acquiring information† (para. 1). It is important that the personRead MoreEffective Communication And Communication Skills Essay1146 Words   |  5 Pagestogether as a team to collaborate, delegate and consult. In order for this team effort to be effective, good communication skills must exist between medical professionals. Many times, messages can be altered and interpreted differently; if the conditions for transmission barriers develop. External barriers and internal barriers, such as confusion and mental status can hinder effective communication. Communication can be both verbal and nonverbal, and it is important to understand that different culturesRead MoreEffective Communication And The Barriers Of Communication Essay1203 Words   |  5 Pagesstudy of effective communication and the barriers of communication is very important in the workplace in order for the company to be successful. Every person in the business will have to communicate in one form or anothe r. The better the communication in the workplace the better the relationships with each other. In this article I will help you to understand the processes needed in order to have effective communication in the workplace. I will discuss the importance of effective communication, theRead MoreThe Communication Contract : Effective Communication1451 Words   |  6 PagesThe Communication Contract Communication is important to enhance understanding among people. Every single relationship that human beings make is made from effective communication. Individuals think differently and look at the world with various lens based on how they were raised, experiences, and many other things during their development. As such, knowing this difference as well as multiple ways of on how to effectively communicate with others will help individuals build authentic connections

Code of Ethics Essay - 777 Words

Code of Ethics In order to make certain that the animals are treated in a humane and ethical way, researchers are regulated and monitored by various government agencies. The US Department of Agriculture is responsible for enforcing the Animal Welfare Act and conducts unannounced inspections of research facilities. If the research is a grant recipient, the National Institutes of Health would be responsible for the regulation as well. The American Association for the Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care (AAALAC) is responsible for setting the standards for research institutions. Any institution that conducts research is required to have an Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) that reviews research protocol,†¦show more content†¦Any personnel involved with the research must have familiarity with the guidelines of the experiment and also know that the animals well being is a major concern in the conducting of the experiment (APA, 2001). Once the research has been deemed necessary for scientific benefits, now the next step is to acquire animals for the experiment. According to the APA ethical principles, animals may not be bred by the researcher for the experiment, but must be acquired lawfully. If an animal is captured from the wild, it must be done in a humane way. When transporting the animal, proper conditions should include adequate feeding, water, ventilation and space and should not impose stress to the animal. Experiments involving endangered species require a permit be obtained from the Fish and Wildlife Service. These are only used as a guideline, any actions should be in compliance with any Federal regulations (APA, 2001). Currently, there are no specific guidelines by the APA when it comes to care and housing of the animals. This issue has been part of an ongoing debate between the APA and the USDA. The USDA views psychological well being as a concept, while the APA finds it is too complex to define (APA, 2001). In this case, the APA’s ethical principles for care and housing are on a case by case basis and are determined by a researcher who is familiar with the species uses judgement in determining the well being. Additionally, housing facilities are to meetShow MoreRelatedInternational Widgets : Code Of Ethics1019 Words   |  5 Pagescompany’s management and it is also going contrary to the company’s codes of ethics. The International Widgets has formulated a list of its code of ethics that govern the operation of the company. A summary of the International Widgets’ Code of Ethics is as follows: Confidentiality: the company is committed to maintaining a high degree of integrity in its dealings with its potential, current, as well as its past clients. Ethics: the company conducts business honorably and honestly and expects suppliesRead MoreCode Of Ethics : Code Ethics1334 Words   |  6 PagesRunning head: CODE OF ETHICS 1 CODE OF ETHICS 5 Code of Ethics Hieu Le Columbia Southern University Code of ethics is the most essential aspect of the society that organizations and individuals need to fulfill and apply this aspect in their workplaces and families in order to achieveRead MoreCode Of Ethics And Ethics Essay1704 Words   |  7 PagesCode of Ethics Implementation A Code of Ethics is regarded as the written guideline to the moral constitution of an organization ( ). The Code of Ethics (Appendix A) outlines the rights, duties, responsibilities, and a benchmark for the organization and its evaluation (Mihai Alina, 2013). It contains behavioral principles and rules of conduct that aids in the decision-making processes and balances the stakeholders expectations and interests against corporate responsibilityRead MoreCode Of Ethics And Ethics912 Words   |  4 Pagesessential for the organization to have a strong code of ethics to ensure all employees understand the ethical expectations of the organization. The code acts as a guide for employees to ensure they apply ethical decision making in the workplace. As the manager you will play an essential role in disseminating this information to employees as well as ensuring they are in compliance with the code. Employees must understand the consequences of failing to uphold the code and the importance of reporting ethicalRead MoreCode Of Ethics And Ethics Essay727 Words   |  3 PagesCode of Ethics A code of ethics/conduct is an important part of an organization. It clarifies the organization s mission, values and principles, linking them with standards of professional conduct. According to CSUGlobal.edu (n.d.), ethics is the study of good and bad behavior and a person is acting ethically, they are doing what is right. Additionally, ethics require that a person conforms to a higher standard of behavior than the law requires. A code of ethics is an open disclosure for the wayRead MoreEthics Of The Code Of Ethics946 Words   |  4 PagesIt is a violation of the code of ethics and they don’t consequentially suggest lawful accountability or infringement of the law. Such strength of character can be capable of simply be situated in the perspective of lawful and official procedures. Unproven infringements of the code of ethics would be questioned to a colleague assessment procedure. Such procedures exist in general unconnected on or after lawful or organizational processes an d shielded on or after the lawful assessment or proceduresRead MoreThe Ethics Of A Code Of Ethics1648 Words   |  7 Pagesmajor stakeholders can be proud of, codes of ethics are created as a set of guidelines for every involved stakeholder to follow and adhere to. In his conclusion (Lambert, 2009) states that the development and subsequent implementation of a code of ethics is a critical part of establishing a value system within the commercial crime prevention discipline. He further goes on to say that, as a value system, the success of this endeavor lies not in whether the code makes staff behave, but rather moreRead MoreCode Of Ethics And Ethics1203 Words   |  5 Pagesissues will arise that will force you to educate yourself further with the AAMFT Code of Ethics. The Code of Ethics are beneficial to the well-being of the therapist and can prevent them from getting into a legal bind. 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This code is important for our employees, customers, shareholders and partners. This code explains and summarizes our stander that protects the company s reputability and its business from any risk. Moreover, it shows how we deal with our partners. We believe that our success depends on the actions of our members and partners. Because of that, we are committed to make sure that everyone in our company is compliance with this Code and other law. †¢ Binding scope. This Code of Ethics is written

Good Governance in Pakistan - 1667 Words

Good Governance in Pakistan. OUTLINES: 1. Introduction 2. Definition of Governance 3. Governance in Pakistan. 4. Failures of Governance in Pakistan 5. Causes of failures: 1. Political commotion 2. No democratic setup 3. Military intrusion 4. Feudal indulgence 5. Massive Corruption 6. Constitutional crises 7. Institutional clashes 8. Mismanagement of resources 9. Lack of Accountability 10. Over Exploitation of funds 11. Restrictions on media 12. Ethnic conflicts 13. Secterianism 14. Extremism 6 Essentials of Good Governance 1. Public Participation 2. National Integration 3. Political stability 4. Constitutional supremacy 5. Institutional supremacy 6. Unrestricted media 7. No military intervention 8. Socio economic development 9. Independent†¦show more content†¦It created a big gap in the economic development and progress. It gives platform for several others problems. The condition of Pakistan is not commendable. It faces bundles of threats because of political instability.Governement should play effective role to curb this menace. Several miscreants are taking benefits from this self created political instability. For the survival of their own existence, politicians are trapping in the nets of trouble makers. Good governance cannot establish in the presence of political commotion. Politicians have become power greedy. Lust for power has tightly closed the curtain of brain. They cannot have the potentials to comprehend the shrewdness of trouble makers. They are habitual of perks, privileges and power. No democratic set is present in Pakistan. It further aggravated the deteriorating condition. It has created unstable environment around the whole country. No one is satisfied and happy since independence. Absence of democratic setup gives birth to multitudes of problems. This gigantic problem is creating turmoil. Constitutional catastrophe was the biggest problem of Pakistan. After independence Pakistan took long seven years to draft constitution. It also laid barriers in the path of governance. Constitution provides framework for policies. Decisions have been taken in order to view constitutional boundaries. No decision has been taken outside the framework ofShow MoreRelatedChallenges of Good Governance in Pakistan1310 Words   |  6 PagesChallenges of Good Governance The nation celebrated this Pakistan Day in a significant and unconventional manner. It was a noteworthy occasion in history of Pakistan this time for the challenges facing in maintaining good governance are yet to appear in coming days for government in place. 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Introduction 2. Definition of Good Governance 3. Characteristics of Good Governance 4. Importance of Good Governance 5. Good Governance in Pakistan 6. Public Servant and its role for Good Governance 7. Conclusion Governance is not a new concept. It is, as old as, human civilization. Governance has various forms and manifestations according to varied and diversified needs and gigantic challenges with ever changing circumstancesRead MoreWhy I Being A Pakistani Citizen844 Words   |  4 PagesAccording to tribune newspaper report, Pakistan has received 49 billion dollars from 2005 to 2015. I being a Pakistani citizen can see that the poverty stricken masses are still living in impoverished conditions. There is a less effective taxation system and rampant corruption, fueled with incompetent institutions ranging from legal, financial, educational and so forth exacerbates the problem. The issues are on an almost standstill. 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Philosophy What Is Justice Free Essays

To answer this question I must first define what justice is. Justice is â€Å"the quality of being just, impartial or fair† in your dealings with others according to Merriam Webster’s Collegiate Dictionary. Keeping that definition in mind, I now must turn to the Voices of Wisdom in order to find an example of a situation in which all parties feel that they are being treated justly. We will write a custom essay sample on Philosophy: What Is Justice or any similar topic only for you Order Now After examining examples such as: Euthanasia, discrimination based on sexual orientation, and equal opportunity offered within the book, it becomes clear to me that there is in fact no possible way for there to be justice for all because everyone’s judgement is in some way or another clouded by their own self interests. Euthanasia, people can decide exactly how they want to live but should we as a society allow them the right to decide exactly how they want to die? On the one hand you have the question â€Å"is it just to kill someone or allow them to die when help is available? † The obvious answer is no of course not. This is a prime example of why there can be no justice for all, because on the other hand you have the question â€Å"is it fair to force someone to live through unbearable pain in anticipation of an agonizing death? † The obvious answer to that question is also no. This is where our self-interests come into play. It is in the patient’s own self interests to die because it will ease her pain, but is not in mine to alleviate her of her life â€Å"because death is final and irreversible†, and because â€Å"euthanasia contains within it the possibility that [I] will work against [my] own interest if [I] practice it or allow it to be practiced on [others]. (J. Gay-Williams, pp. 185). This is why our own self-interests unavoidably will not allow us to have a just society. A society is only as equitable as the treatment accorded its most vulnerable members. Therefore, discrimination against anyone based on his or her sexual orientation is a clear and incurable symptom of an unjust society. For example, should someone’s sexual orientation be grounds for restricting their rights? (Daniel C. Palm) The impartial answer would of course be no, everyone should be treated the same. But we still hear the chant â€Å"No gays or lesbians in the military†. This is because it is in the self interests of the heterosexual people in the military have homosexuals in the military. The injustice of this idea becomes crystal clear when we examine the opposite statement of â€Å"No heterosexuals in the military† an idea that is equally ludicrous. (Kessler, pp. 74) As a result of the way we instinctively treat those that are different because they are seen as a threat, our society is will remain perpetually unjust. (Richard E. Mohr) Because of widespread discrimination based not only on race, but also on sex, religion and sexual preference it is impossible for society to offer each and every individual a perfectly equal chance at opportunities such as hiring, promotion, housing, and educational practices that should be within their reach; as a consequence, it is impossible fo r society to be just for all. According to the formal principle of justice, it is required â€Å"that benefits and burdens be distributed fairly according to relevant differences and similarities. † (Kessler, pp. 175) Using this principle it would seem that affirmative action programs of preferential treatment are in truth unjust to white males in that such programs require that â€Å"all things being equal† preferential treatment should be given to minorities and females which violates the formal principle of justice by not treating equal people equally. On the other hand, â€Å"such preferential treatment programs are often justified by appeal to the principle of compensatory justice, which states that whenever an injustice has happened a just compensation must be made to those who have been injured. † (Kessler, pp. 194) According to that principle affirmative action should be considered just in relationship to minorities. As a result, because equal opportunity legislation is not in accordance with the best self-interests of most white males but it is in accordance with those of most minorities, this is another example of a situation in which injustice is inevitable. After closely examining these three specific situations in which injustice—because of our natural tendency to look after our own best self-interests—is certain, it can be concluded that it is hopeless to try to attain such an idea as a society that is just for all. Because these perpetually unjust situations such as euthanasia, discrimination based on sexual preference, ideas like affirmative action or situations similar to these will most likely permanently exist, a society in which there is justice for all is unreachable. How to cite Philosophy: What Is Justice, Essay examples

James Dyson Case Study free essay sample

Biography James Dyson was born on May 2 1947 in Cromer, Norfolk, England and attended the Gresham’s School in Holt, Norfolk during 1956 to 1965. Later on after he graduated from the school he attended the Byam Shaw School of Art for a year. Soon afterwards he enrolled in the Royal College of Art in London from 1966-1970 to study furniture and interior design courses that served as the starting foundation of his career as a designer. He later went on to study engineering. In 1997 he was awarded the Prince Phillip Designers Prize and in 2000 he received the Lord Lloyd of Kilgerran Award. James Dyson is a distinguished British industrial designer renown for his invention of the Dual Cyclone bagless vacuum cleaner, which works on the principle of cyclonic separation. In 2002 Dyson established the James Dyson Foundation to support design and engineering education among young people later on elected as a Fellow at The Royal Academy of Engineering. He had the honour of being appointed as a Knight Bachelor in the 2007 New Year Honours and remained the provost of the Royal College of Art since 2011. One of his original works was the ‘G-Force’ cleaner in 1983 but was disappointed at the lack of interest of manufacturers or distributors in his design, instead promoting his product in Japan. The product attracted more attention and gained more sales selling for 2000 yen and won the International Design Fair in Japan. Troubled by the unpopularity of his product in England he returned to establish his own manufacturing company. It’s here that he finally gained recognition of his product through a television advertisement with the slogan ‘say goodbye to the bag’ which attracted customers for the elimination of the vacuum bag than the suction. Original G-Force Cleaner Most innovative and successful of his works is the Dyson Dual Cyclone that produced a great deal of profit capturing 20% of the market in America 2002. It was deemed the fastest selling vacuum cleaner in the United Kingdom. Companies that have noticed his success have resorted to selling vacuum cleaners with cyclonic technology similar to his resulting in him suing Hoover UK for patent infringement. His work on vacuum cleaners progressed rapidly with developing new technologies such as the Ballbarrow concept for his Dyson Ball increasing the mobility of the vacuum. Dyson Airblade Hand Dryer Another renowned invention he has created is the Dyson Airblade in 2006 which was a hand dryer commonly found in public washrooms which was considered the most hygienic and efficient method of drying hands in seconds. A quote from James himself about the Airblade was â€Å"re-engineered scallop-shaped apertures mean that the two 60 km/h sheets of air carry less energy when they collide. It still dries hands in 10 seconds but is 50% quieter†. In 2009 he introduced ‘Air Multiplier’ technology that served as the real innovation in fans in more than 125 years. His work extended to other areas such as washing machines called the ‘ContraRotator’ but paled in comparison with his success in fan development. Since the establishment of his company he was well renowned for his continuous innovations in vacuum design with the Upright, Barrel and Handstick vacuum models, as well as handheld extras and utility tools. James Dyson’s Invention: The Dyson Barrel Vacuum To justify my choice of this invention I visited the homepage of James Dyson in http://www. dyson. com. au/Vacuums. aspx I firstly reviewed each of James Dyson’s three vacuum models which were the upright, barrel and handstick vacuums. After reading through the general overview of each product I analysed the plus and minuses of each model and decided on the Dyson Barrel Vacuum model for its compact design, high manoeuvrability on all surfaces whilst still maintaining a high degree of suction. Of this model it consists of two versions the DC54 and DC47, each with an inbuilt unique function which distinguishes itself from the other. The vacuum’s light f framework allows it to be placed aa adequately on the length of the p palm of an adult’s hand. Design brief of the design The initial need for this product was to design a vacuum which exhibits maximum sucking power without deteriorating over an elongated period of time. Normal vacuums exhume dust after vacuuming because of the dust bag’s contents that have to be released manually leading towards the issue of dust particles affecting allergen users and asthma sufferers. To resolve this need the vacuum would have to be bagless to reduce emptying hassle and also be ergonomically friendly for allergic users and asthma sufferers to hygienically use. Lastly the vacuum would also have to be aesthetically pleasing and contain a great deal of mobility for users to transport the vacuum easily around the environment. Overview Technological Features Dyson cyclones are proclaimed to be the most efficient and innovative brand of vacuum cleaners that capture dirt and microscopic dust more than any other vacuum with its cyclonic technology. Referring from the details of the video on the website, Dyson cyclones capture particles as small as 0. 5 microns for example pollen, mould spores and even bacteria eliminating blockage that occurs within conventional vacuums with cleaner bags and filters. The Barrel vacuum also contains a graspable handle for people to grip whilst vacuuming to avoid accidental dropping. Its industrial patented cyclone technology far surpasses other bagless vacuums that utilise cyclone with its ability to generate centrifugal forces of up to 360,000G. This immense wind pressure hurls dust and dirt from the airflow with particles as small as 0. 5 microns carried into the clear bin. This method prevents dust from infiltrating into the filter and ensures relentless suction. The key components of the vacuum is stored within the ball itself consisting of the electronics, polycarbonate air ducts and a 5 metre cable the motor, the pre-motor filter and providing up to 6. 5m of power cable. Along with this are the pivot point located near the centre of the machine, enabling it to make tighter turning circles and more easily follow the user’s path. The purpose of this design is to create a low centre of gravity and provide a great deal of balance for users to utilise. Environmental Factors An impact of vacuuming for allergy sufferers is when particles such as mould spores and pollen sucked up into the filter because of poor cyclone design. Thereby causing allergies through inhalation as the allergens are leaked from the machine when poorly conserved. Dyson vacuums are guaranteed the highest efficiency cyclones engineered to be airtight that ensures that the dust particles are captured into the clear bin and expel breathable air for allergic people. Finance Considered the most hygienic form of vacuuming, the Dyson Barrel Vacuum series has prospered in the marketing business and in exchange for its exceedingly high price it offers absolute quality in maintaining an ergonomic function of dust filtration and maximum suction performance. In fact some of its most convenient features also contribute towards its success, such as its push button method to release dirt, no extra costs because of its bagless feature, a 2 year guarantee for its durable properties and the bonus of extra tools for cleaning hard to reach places. Mobility and Versatility Factors All Dyson floor tools are engineered to deliver high suction and cleaning performance across all floor surfaces such as hard floors e. g. carpets and rugs. Dyson engineers have also invested in manufacturing floor tools to allow the Barrel vacuum to adapt to any task or narrow spaces which increases the versatility of the product. Some examples include the soft dusting brush which gently removes dust and allergens from delicate surfaces and upholstery, flexi crevice tool which extends to clean awkward gaps, the stubborn dirt brush that dislodges dried mud and ground-in dirt, tangle-free turbine tool for furniture and the articulating hard floor tool for removing dirt from wood and delicate floors. These general descriptions are what exemplify the qualities of the barrel vacuum that differentiates itself from the other vacuums. There are two versions of this vacuum which I organized into a PMI table listing the positives and negatives of each model. PMI of Dyson Barrel Vacuum Cleaners Model Plus Minus Interests Dyson DC54 Cinetic vacuum Maintains constant suction after sucking up 10 years worth of dust No filter maintenance No major clogging Ball technology incorporates steering mechanism for greater control and mobility Captures allergens, expels cleaner air Carbon fibre turbine engine head engineered for all floor types Bagless design Clear bin allows user to determine when the container is full from vacuuming Electrical cable short for vacuum when cleaning higher areas (stairs) Container capacity fills up quickly requiring constant emptying Waste sometimes stays in the unit around the cylinder and because of a narrow gap in the barrel, resorting to be pulled out manually (mainly with pet hair) Most expensive vacuum with price ranging from Animal Pro ($1,099), Animal ($999), Allergy ($899) and Multi Floor ($799) The DC54 model features high frequency oscillating tips that vibrate to prevent cyclone aperture clogging, eliminating filer maintenance. The vacuum’s anti static conductive carbon fibres removes dust from hard floors as well as removing ground-in dirt from carpets by utilising stiff nylon brushes. A static charge conducted from the filaments binds the dust to the floor allowing it to be sucked into the vacuum. This ensures that the carpet is unsoiled and retains a clean atmosphere even after vacuuming by trapping the dust particles. Vacuum has a maximum reach of 10 metres. Lastly there are four variations of the DC54 each suited to a specific purpose which are the Animal Pro, Animal, Allergy and Multi Floor. Dyson DC47 Compact design makes it able to be stored in small places Light ergonomic construction provides lighter weight of 6. 34kg Captures more microscopic dust through dual layers of smaller cyclones Easier to pull around Costs cheaper than the DC54 version with cost of $799. Retains hygienic design and quick to empty Smaller cyclones reduce airflow from vacuum. Along with DC54 container capacity fills up rapidly. Less reach than DC54 model with only a maximum reach of 8. 3 metres. The DC47 model sports lighter ergonomic design enabling users to efficiently carry it around the house for faster cleaning. Smaller cyclones achieve capture of microscopic dust through generating higher centrifugal forces. The ball’s agile design is because of its smooth surface with low friction bearings. What’s more is that its lightness allows an average person to carry around the house with a bodyweight of approximately 6. 34kg, ideal for people who live alone in flats or apartments. Impact of Innovation towards Australian Society Through devoting research and testing design solutions, Dyson has progressively refined the cyclone technology ever since it was developed more than 20 years ago. Both versions of this barrel vacuum are constructed with ABS polycarbonate which is similar material used in riot shields and crash helmets to provide durability for all household environments. All Dyson vacuums guarantee no extra expenses on replacement bags and filters which reduce monetary costs from users. This is accomplished through the ultra efficient Dyson Cinetic cyclones as well as its bagless feature. The Dyson Company is also affiliated with the Asthma and Respiratory Foundation’s Sensitive Choice Program. The objective of this program was to aspire to aid customers in identifying products that are low irritant and low allergy. This is to reduce the instances of people being affected from allergic symptoms when using cleaning products. According to the webpage all Dyson vacuum cleaners are guaranteed for two years and extensive with proper handling and care. Because of its sophisticated design such as the electronics, motor and high frequency oscillating tips the company has created a non-obsolete vacuum for people to use In terms of aesthetics the creative and flawless design of the Dyson Barrel vacuum distinguishes itself from other vacuum cleaners with its round ball shape, cyclone conducting mechanism and clear bin, whereas other modern examples are usually rectangle in shape. The polycarbonate material provides a smooth surface for the vacuum and displays a polished shine finish on the surface. The sales of the product can stimulate the profits of the company and provide commercial welfare for the business and employees whilst helping customers to efficiently clean at home. With this funding they can afford to manufacture more products and possibly invent more potential designs for the model. Impact of the innovation towards the individual is once again to assist them with cleaning various types of spaces with the vacuum cleaner and the additional tools provided. Ethical Issues associated with Dyson Barrel Vacuum Production The ethical qualities associated with the production of the vacuum are mainly beneficial for people as it provides jobs for people to manufacture the product in the companies. Along with this is the genuine purpose of creating the product based on the design brief, which is to provide a high degree of suction without reducing over time as well. Dyson’s target audience was specifically allergen sufferers who require hygienic vacuuming to prevent asthma. Despite this the production of the vacuum also questions the morality to produce multiple versions of this product as it consumes more parts in the manufacturing of multiple copies of the designs. This is perhaps caused by a marketing scheme for the company to gain more money by charging greater amounts of money on other versions of the vacuum with only slight differences in its design. Use The ethical issue associated with its use is that the product is expensive because of its innovative technology, which is unaffordable for people who are asthma sufferers with a low income. In fact other models of the DC54 that are built for specific purposes are significantly more expensive than the standard model requiring the user to purchase with larger amounts of money. This could result in a dividing line between the rich people who are able to afford the vacuum and the less wealthy individuals who desperately need the vacuum more. The vacuum although manoeuvrable may become too heavy for smaller sized people to exert more effort when transporting around the house. There is also the ethical issue of manufacturing as the complicated design of the vacuum requires more time to construct than other vacuums because of its sophisticated technological components. Environmental Issues associated with Dyson Barrel Vacuum Production Environmental issues revolving around the innovation of the design is that it partly uses non-recyclable materials when constructed reducing the reusability of the product when discarded, causing pollution. Producing it from polycarbonate material may provide a lighter structure but much more difficult to repair rather than harder plastic or metal. The short term consequences involved is the selection of the materials as the vacuum consists of more than 3 materials used in its design which is mostly polycarbonate plastic and light metals. Use The environmental benefits of its use are that it’s hygienic and doesn’t release dust into the atmosphere unless emptied through the container when vacuuming. This is because it is engineered to contain the dust inside the compartment through the use of cyclonic technology. Dyson through devoting extensive research about design methods created the product to be innovative in its durability to last for a period of time with proper care avoiding non-obsolete structure. Although because of its innovative cyclonic technology it consumes a great deal of electricity especially for long periods of vacuuming around houses. This slowly but eventually leads to long term consequences involved with are global warming from greenhouse gases exhumed by electricity power plants because of the energy generated required by the vacuum. Two ways in which the design could incorporate current emerging technologies By exploring current emerging technologies the two methods that I would incorporate onto Dyson’s Barrel vacuum are dust particles detection sensor and implementing organic electronics as well implementing remote controlled functions when manufacturing the vacuum. How I could incorporate the dust sensor within the design is utilising a device with similar specifications from the Sharp GP2Y1010AU0Fwhich is an Optical Dust Sensor. Along with this is incorporating the Robomaid structure to the Dyson47. Optical Dust Sensor Referencing information extracted from the website it describes the product as a dust sensor with an optical sensing system. An infrared emitting diode (IRED) and a phototransistor are diagonally arranged into the device. This allows it to detect the reflected light of dust in the air and is especially effective in detecting fine particles like cigarette smoke. It can even distinguish smoke from house dust by pulse pattern of output voltage. The benefits of this product is that it has a very low current consumption (20mA max, 11mA typical), and can be powered with up to 7VDC. In addition the sensor is lead free and RoHS directive compliant which synergises well with the vacuum. Unfortunately there are some negatives associated with installing this product onto the vacuum such as dust adhesion in which the product fails to detect the dust density correctly causing the user to misjudge the amount of dust. The sensor output is also slightly influenced by noise from the power supply line and vibrations that change the value under mechanical oscillation. To justify combining this additional technology to the Dyson Barrel vacuum I deemed it an excellent technology that could aid users in seeking out nearby dust ridden areas through the infrared emitter and phototransistor. The device can be incorporated into the Dyson vacuum by adding another external port located on the side of the ball mechanism with the motor inside. Here the sensor can be installed by plugging into the vacuum with the wires and tapping into its electric reserves. The issue of noise from the power line is mostly with the innovative capsulation of the Dyson vacuum that radiates less noise than other vacuums. Another ideal combination with this sensor is to incorporate an indicator such as a sound signal code that triggers judged through the distance of the sensor detecting dust particles. For example in regular intervals when activated 1 beep means the sensor detects nearby dust density, 2 beeps means that the sensor is nearing the source and 3 beeps is when the vacuum has detected the dust source. In conclusion combining the Dyson model with the optical dusts sensor achieves greater accuracy in seeking out hidden dust particles. Remote Controlled Technology Reviewing the PMI of the Robomaid product from: http://www. robomaid. com. au/why-robomaid/ I was intrigued by the fact that the vacuum was fully remote controllable that issues commands creating an automatic vacuum. Unfortunately the exact details about the auto based construction of the Robomaid wasn’t listed in the official website but nevertheless was still a viable option. The vacuum contains an in-built UV light that kills bacteria, germs, dust mites and microscopic insects by emitting a UV light as it vacuums. Its construction consists of a helical spinning brush in conjunction with a sucking motor to lift dirt, dust and debris from floors. The size of the vacuum is 11. 5cm tall and 35cm in diameter that allows it to travel underneath couches and beds and into various hard to reach areas. What’s more is that it is also bagless and weighs just 3. 5kg making it easier to carry around. Its AI functions are extremely accurate in its ability to sense Implementing all of the technology from the Robomaid isn’t fully possible as it would compromise the functionality of the Dyson Barrel vacuum’s revolutionary sucking power and mobility since it is wired. But despite this implementing the remote controllable technology could bolster the automatic capabilities of the vacuum. Installing AI technology through the antenna and creating a vacuum head tool head with a helical spinning brush similar to the Robomaid design can imitate a similar aspect to its design. To justify my reason for choosing this emerging technology is energy efficiency methods. According to the website tests have produced results that the Robomaid uses substantially less energy being cheaper and environmental friendly than using normal vacuums. Applying this concept to the Dyson 47 model because of its light ergonomic design can resolve the environmental issue of its energy consumption and benefit individuals and community with reduced electricity usage and bills. To conclude this case study, James Dyson is truly an inspiration for me by exploring the functions of his design. The Dyson Barrel Vacuum is an incredibly efficient brand of vacuum that is both ergonomically and aesthetically oriented in its quirky â€Å"ball† design and innovative cyclone technology that eliminates bag use.

Personality paper free essay sample

Within the discipline of psychology, there are several perspectives used to describe, predict, and explain human behavior. Describe three major psychological perspectives and name at least one leading theorist for each. One of the major psychological perspective is, The Positive Psychology Perspective. Positive psychology is a field of psychological research and theory focusing on the study of positive emotions and psychological states, positive individual traits, and the social institutions that foster those qualities (S.E, 2014). The following topics that fall under positive psychology perspective includes, personal happiness, optimism, creativity, resilience, character strength, and wisdom. Positive psychology perspective is focused on developing therapeutic techniques that increase personal well-being (S. E, 2014). Another major perspective is, The Cross-Culture Perspective. The cross-culture psychology as caused a large numbers of psychologists to begin studying the diversity of human behavior in different cultural settings and countries (S.E, 2014). The Evolutionary Perspective is another major psychological perspective. Evolutionary perspective is referred to the application of the principles of evolution to explain psychological processes and phenomena (S. We will write a custom essay sample on Personality paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page E, 2014). The evolutionary perspective was put into work by an English naturalist, Charles Darwin. The theory of evolution proposes that an individual member of any species are better to adapt to their surroundings than are others (S. E, 2014). Part II: Research Methods Provide a brief overview of some of the research methods used by psychologists. Include strengths and weaknesses of each method discussed. Some of the methods that psychologists use for research methods are, Scientific Method, Descriptive Method, and the Experimental Method. The scientific method’s strengths are that all the information used for this research is that it is based on the assumption of the behavior and mental processes that follow consistent patterns (S. E, 2014). The scientific method uses four steps in the research: formulate a testable hypothesis, design the study and collect the data, analyze the data and draw conclusions, and then finally report the findings. The weakness for the scientific method is that it takes a great deal of critical thinking and the information can always change that a person gives you and then in return will change your data. Another research method is the Descriptive method and with that they use strategies for observing and describing behavior (S. E, 2014). The strength to this method is that a psychologists can come up with the answers to when the certain behaviors take place, how often they occur, and whether they are related to other factors, such as a person’s age, ethic group, or educational level (S. E, 2014). The weakness for the descriptive method is that in some cases that the research is done in natural settings and at times it can be dangerous to get the information because you are evaluating the person in their natural place. Experimental method is another way to research. It is used to demonstrate a cause- and – effect relationship between changes in one variable and the effect that is produced on another variable (S. E, 2014). The strength for this research method is that you can measure the changes that are made, if there are any. The weakness is that extraneous variables might produce inaccurate results by influencing changes (S. E, 2014). Part III: Ethics in Research Describe two ethical issues related to research. Why is informed consent necessary for ethical research? Two ethical issues related to research are students as research participants and the use of deception. Using the students as research is sometimes a course requirement or a chance for extra credit for some students (S. E, 2014). The use of deception can be used by psychologists as part of the study only when two conditions have been met. Informed consent is necessary for ethical research because the psychologists must inform the participants of the purpose of the research, including any factors that might sway a person’s willingness to participate in the study. The psychologists must also explain that the participant is free to decline at any time they chose to (S. E, 2014). Part IV: The Brain and Mind Identify three major structures of the brain and their respective functions in the human body. The three major structures of the brain are the Fore brain, the Hind brain, and the Mid brain. The Fore brain represents 90% of the brain. It is in the uppermost region of the brain. The fore brain is involved in more sophisticated behaviors and mental processes (S. E, 2014). The fore brain is also called cerebrum. The Hind brain is another major structure of the brain it regions at the base of the brain that connects the brain to the spinal cord. Sensory and motor pathways pass through the hind brain to and from regions that are situated higher up in the brain (S. E, 2014). The other major structure of the brain is the Mid brain. The mid brain contains structures involved in processing visual and auditory information. Auditory sensations from the left and right ears are processed through the mid brain, it helps you to go in the direction that you need to (S. E, 2014).